Wednesday, December 19, 2012

Asteroid Mining: Asterank

Asteroid Mining: Most Valuable and Profitable
Asterank, 19 December 2012
http://www.asterank.com/

We've collected, computed, or inferred important data such as asteroid mass and composition from multiple scientific sources. With this information, we estimate the costs and rewards of mining asteroids.

Thursday, December 6, 2012

Golden Spike wants to start human lunar expeditions within a decade

Golden Spike wants to start human lunar expeditions within a decade
Ars Technica, 7 December 2012
http://arstechnica.com/science/2012/12/new-human-lunar-expedition-company-announced/

There were no vehicles announced, no disclosure of customers or investors, no mission plans or detailed slideshows. The prices quoted, while a bargain compared to what's currently being spent on space exploration, were still impossible for anyone except nations and the richest individuals to afford. The new company itself would not be credible if not for the list of companies and luminaries involved, which is lengthy.

Wednesday, November 28, 2012

Nasa Cancels Space Act Agreement with SpaceFlorida for Nanosat Centennial Challenge

It’s Dead, Jim
Citizens In Space, 28 November 2012
http://www.citizensinspace.org/2012/11/its-dead-jim/

Although there appears to be no formal statement publicly available from either NASA or Space Florida, there is much talk in the space community about NASA cancelling its Space Act Agreement with Space Florida for the Nanosat Challenge.

It is highly likely, therefore, that the Nanosat Centennial Challenge is terminated and will not be further pursued.

Sunday, November 18, 2012

Neat Saturn V cutaway diagram

Saturn V Cutaway Drawing
De La Terre a La Lune, 18 November 2012
http://www.de-la-terre-a-la-lune.com/documents/images/saturnvcomplet.jpg

A neat cartoon cutaway of the Saturn V launch vehicle.

Monday, November 12, 2012

How Asteroids Can Save Mankind

How Asteroids Can Save Mankind
XMetallurgist, 12 November 2012
http://xmetallurgist.ca/keep-mining/

A nice infographic on space mining:

"Asteroid Mining may seem like science fiction, but with resources running short on Earth, mining the sky could be humanity's only hope."

Sunday, November 11, 2012

Printing Rocket Parts

3D printing is beginning to bring changes to producing rocket parts. Several people and organizations have stated publicly that they are using 3D printing to make parts for rockets.

Paul Breed

In his business plan Paul Breed says that he's likely the first person to make a regeneratively cooled combustion chamber using 3D printing. Here are some pictures of his motor:

Trying the 3D print thing again....
Parts Came in...

Rocket Moonlighting

Rocket Moonlighting blog has shown several motors made using 3D printing:

Plastic Rockets
3D Printed Rockets: The Cost Curve
Chamber Designs

NASA

Here's a recent article on using 3D printing for rocket motor parts:

NASA's Space Launch System Using Futuristic Technology to Build the Next Generation of Rockets

NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala. is using a method called selective laser melting, or SLM, to create intricate metal parts for America's next heavy-lift rocket. Using this state-of-the-art technique will benefit the agency by saving millions in manufacturing costs.

Turbopump Parts

Parts for turbines and pumps are already being made using 3D printed technologies

EOS has manufactured turbine nozzle guide vanes as well as turbine impellers:

Aerospace Applications

Here's a picture of a turbine impeller:

Turbine Impeller

Getting Started

In order to get started, here's a basic process:

  1. Become Familiar with the 3D printing technologies - There are various different technologies associated with producing plastic and metal parts. This Wikipedia article outlines some of the basic technologies: 3D Printing
  2. Become familiar with 3D design technologies - In order to design a part, it must first be made as a digital 3D file. You can either contract with a design service to produce your part, or you can produce it yourself. There are CAD programs as well as 3D Design programs you can use. Some of the programs are:
  3. Design your parts - Using either your own 3D skills or a design service, you can produce the digitial file needed to produce your parts.
  4. Find a 3D Vendor - Although it is possible to acquire your own 3D printer for producing your parts, it is likely that you get the best short-term economy by using a 3D printing service. Here's a list of some 3D printing services. There are far more than this, so select wisely.
SUMMARY

3D printing is a technology with great promise for making rocket parts. As this Forbes Article states, it's a rapidly growing and large industry. There are many benefits that can be derived by considering using it for producing rocket parts. It can allow the production of small run parts at fairly reasonable prices.

Wednesday, October 31, 2012

Paul Breed's Nanosat Launcher Business Plan

Paul Breed's Nanosat Launcher Business Plan
Unreasonable Rocket, 31 October 2012
http://unreasonablerocket.blogspot.com/2012/10/the-business-plan-info.html

Paul Breed has made his Nanosat Launcher Business Plan available for the public on his website.

Friday, October 19, 2012

Air Force Reusable Booster Program Cancelled

Prototype Reusable Rocket Effort Felled by U.S. Budget Woes
Space News, 19 October 2012
http://www.spacenews.com/launch/121019-prototype-reusable-rocket-felled.html

Due to “unexpected funding reductions,” the U.S. Air Force is discontinuing work on a prototype reusable rocket design effort that the U.S. National Research Council recently cited as a key steppingstone to an operational system.

Tuesday, September 18, 2012

Rockwell's Integrated Space Plan

Rockwell's Integrated Space Plan
Make, 13 September 2012
http://blog.makezine.com/2012/09/13/the-rockwell-international-integrated-space-plan/

Rockwell International used to be a major player in aerospace activities. As part of their systems engineering activities in 1989, they developed a comprehensive plan for space exploration. It is a fascinating plan which details milestones for space exploration/colonization and the impacts of various technologies and activities.

USC’s CubeSat Is Anything But Square..Big News, Small Sats (Launch)

USC’s CubeSat Is Anything But Square..Big News, Small Sats (Launch)
Satnews, 17 September 2012
http://www.satnews.com/cgi-bin/story.cgi?number=945810933

USC’s Space Engineering Research Center (SERC) launched the first “CubeSat”—a miniature satellite built in cubic compartments—with the ability to deploy a parabolic dish and track a point on the surface of the Earth.

Wednesday, September 12, 2012

Asteroid Mappers: Vesta Edition

Asteroid Mappers: Vesta Edition
Cosmoquest, 12 September 2012
http://cosmoquest.org/mappers/vesta/

Be among the first to access high-resolution images of Vesta! You can assist Dawn mission scientists identify craters, boulders, and other features.

Monday, September 3, 2012

MITs Next Mars Space Suit

MITs Next Mars Space Suit
Space Industry News, 2 September 2012
http://spaceindustrynews.com/mits-next-mars-space-suit/1563/

Throughout the history(pdf) of NASA space suits, astronauts had to deal with bulky, hard to move in, non-mobile suits that hindered their work flow as opposed to helped them achieve their tasks and jobs.

That is, until Dava and her crew designed a snug fitting space suit that would allow astronauts to move freely. As you can see from the image below, the suit is significantly smaller than NASA’s Mark III space suit. This will allow wearers of the suit to fit into tighter spaces and work with their hands more freely than ever before.

Thursday, August 30, 2012

The Diamant A Launch Vehicle

The Diamant A was France's first orbital launch vehicle, making France the 3rd country with an orbital launch capability after the USSR and the USA. On 26 November 1965, the satellite Asterix was placed into orbit on the first try.

The Diamant A had a number of innovative aspects for its day which might be applicable to small launch vehicles. It had one of the first multinozzle solid motors with gimballing nozzles. It used a solid gas generator to pressurize the first stage liquid propellant tanks. The first stage motors were extremely simple, as liquid motors go, utilizing a graphite throat and film cooling. The Diamant rockets had no guidance system, only a control system, and were guided from the ground.

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
The Diamant A rocket was a final unifying effort from a multiple step development process. Each of the stages was tested in a separate sounding rocket program. Stage 3 and the Payload shroud were tested separate from the Diamant vehicle as the Rubis sounding rocket, Stage 2 was tested in the Topaz sounding rocket and stage 1 was tested in the Emerald and Saphire


PERFORMANCE ESTIMATES
The following table is an estimate of the performance of each stage and the vehicle, as a whole. The nose cone was ejected about 10 seconds into the flight of stage 2 so that stage is broken into two performance phases.



As can be seen, the 3-stage vehicle had a total delta-V of approximately 33000 feet per second (10.1 km/s).

STAGE 1
Stage 1 was a pressure-fed liquid propellant stage with 21372 lb-m of Nitric Acid as the oxidizer and 6512 lb-m of Turpentine as the fuel. A 250 lb-m slug of furfuryl alcohol in the fuel lines ignited the propellants. This stage used a unique solid-propellant pressurization system whereby hot gasses from a solid gas generator plus steam generated from water coolant were used to pressurize the propellants to about 320 PSI.
Four fins provided atmospheric pitch/yaw control and two small rocket motors on the tips of opposite fins provided roll control.
The pressurized propellants were burned in the Vexin rocket motor which provided an average of about 69690 lb-f of thrust. The Vexin motor design was quite simple and used a graphite throat with film cooling. The following image shows the general plan of the motor. The motor was basically a steel tube and nozzle with a graphite throat. It also had a radial injection system, not seen on many other motors.
Based on published data fitted to combustion models, the likely characteristics of the motor were:
VEXIN MOTOR
OF Ratio3.16
OxidizerNitric Acid
FuelTurpentine
Chamber Pressure255 PSI
Sea Level Thrust63620 lb-f
Vacuum Thrust72929 lb-f
Sea Level Isp203 sec
Vacuum Isp233 sec
wdot313 lb/sec
Expansion Ratio3.6
Length~ 72 in
Throat Diameter15.9 in
Nozzle Exit Diameter30.2 in
Engine Weight816 lb
Thrust:Weight Ratio85:1

STAGE 2
The Diamant's second stage utilized a solid rocket motor with four steerable nozzles. This motor provided about 33,700 pounds of thrust for about 44 seconds. The propellants were based on polyurethane binder with aluminum fuel and ammonium perchlorate as the oxidizer; this mixture had a trade name of "Isolane." The nozzles were offset from their rotation axis such that by rotating them, the nozzles could direct the thrust off-axis. Hydraulic pistons rotated each nozzle; by coordinating the nozzle rotation, the thrust could be directed as desired for pitch, yaw and roll control.

Design of Nozzles
The second stage also contained an equipment bay containing the telemetry system as well as a gyro-based attitude control system. There was also an interstage adapter which connected to stage 3.
About ten seconds after the second stage's ignition, the nosecone was ejected. The second stage remained connected to the third stage after burnout in order to provide orientation for the third stage. Eight cold gas jets at the base of the stage were used for proper orientation prior to igniting stage 3. The second stage initiated a tilt-over operation using the cold gas jets, and once oriented, the second stage had four solid rocket motors to cause a spin-up of both the second and third stage together. Once the third stage was oriented and spinning, it was ignited and separated from the second stage using two separation rockets on the second stage.

STAGE 3
Stage 3 is a 275 RPM spin-stabilized vehicle utilizing a 25.6 in (650 mm) diameter by 82 inch (2100 mm) long solid rocket motor called P0.64. Powered by the same "Isolane" propellant as the second stage, the motor had a peak thrust of 11690 lb-f for an average thrust of about 8573 lb-f; it burned for about 45 seconds with an average Isp of 273 seconds. It had a 3.78 inch (96mm) graphite throat and the chamber pressure varied from a low of 20 atmospheres (290 PSI) to 40 atmospheres (594 PSI) during its burn time.
The motor was manufactured using a wound fiberglass-phenolic casing and a fixed silica-phenolic nozzle reinforced with glass-epoxy winding.

AERODYNAMIC LOSSES
Simulations of the flight indicate that there is an aerodynamic loss of 459 feet per second for both stages 1 and 2. About 451 fps was lost to aerodynamics for stage 1 and about 8 feet per second was lost in stage 2.

GRAVITY LOSSES
Flight simulations indicate that there is about 4041 feet per second of gravity losses during the flight of stages 1 and 2. Stage 1 saw gravity losses of about 2715 fps and stage 2 saw gravity losses of about 1326 fps.

GUIDANCE
The Diamant A had no on-board guidance system, only an on-board control system utilizing gyroscopes for orientation control. Ground based tracking systems with an uplink control signal provided the guidance for the Diamant A launch vehicle.

REFERENCE
  1. Capcom Space [http://www.capcomespace.net/]
  2. Villain, J. "The Evolution of Liquid Propulsion in France in the Last 50 Years" Acta Astronautica Vol 22, 1990.
  3. Truchot, Mr A. "Design and Analysis of Solid Rocket Motor Nozzle," Agard Lecture Series 150, Design methods in Solid Rocket Motors, 1988.
  4. Uhrig, G.; Boury, D.; "Large Space Solid Rocket Propulsion in Europe Past and Future Developments," AIAA 1998-3980, AIAA 1998.
  5. Jung, Phillipe; Serra, Jean-Jacques; "VE 210 Rubis: Sounding Rocket on the Road to Space," IAC-05-E4.3.02, International Astronautical Federation 2005.
  6. DIAMANT A ROCKET, France's space agency, the CNES in 60'S [VIDEO] YouTube.

Sunday, August 26, 2012

Army Eyes Ambitious, Cheap Satellites And Launchers

Army Eyes Ambitious, Cheap Satellites And Launchers
AviationWeek, 27 August 2012
http://www.aviationweek.com/Article/PrintArticle.aspx?id=/article-xml/AW_08_27_2012_p26-488720.xml&p=1&printView=true

Swords is designed to address that. In this program, the Army hopes to reduce the price to $1.8 million per launch, including range cost, by making use of commercial grade materials, not aerospace-grade components. And, the design will employ a Tridyne pressure-fed engine, bypassing the need for a turbopump.

These satellites are powered by Google Nexus smartphones

These satellites are powered by Google Nexus smartphones
tgdaily, 24 August 2012
http://www.tgdaily.com/space-brief/65675-these-satellites-are-powered-by-google-nexus-smartphones

The satellites - dubbed PhoneSats - are currently powered by Google's Nexus One, along with external batteries and a radio beacon. The phone is protected by an enclosure that measures 10 x 10 x 10 cm.

Friday, August 17, 2012

Panoramic Mars Virtual Reality

Interactive Curiosity Rover Panorama
360 Cities, 16 August 2012
http://www.360cities.net/image/curiosity-rover-martian-solar-day-2#-1334.32,23.23,100.3

An interactive panorama that makes you almost feel like you're on Mars. Go to full screen for best effects.

‘microthrusters’ could propel small satellites

MIT-developed ‘microthrusters’ could propel small satellites
MITNews, 17 August 2012
http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2012/microthrusters-could-propel-small-satellites-0817.html

A penny-sized rocket thruster may soon power the smallest satellites in space. The device, designed by Paulo Lozano, an associate professor of aeronautics and astronautics at MIT, bears little resemblance to today’s bulky satellite engines, which are laden with valves, pipes and heavy propellant tanks. Instead, Lozano’s design is a flat, compact square — much like a computer chip — covered with 500 microscopic tips that, when stimulated with voltage, emit tiny beams of ions. Together, the array of spiky tips creates a small puff of charged particles that can help propel a shoebox-sized satellite forward.

Friday, August 10, 2012

Request for information - centennial challenges nano satellite launch challenge

Request for information - centennial challenges nano satellite launch challenge
Nasa.gov, 10 August 2012
http://prod.nais.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eps/sol.cgi?acqid=153002#Other%2001

Request for Information by September 10, 2012. Responses must be submitted in electronic form no later than September 10, 2012 to Dr. Larry Cooper, Centennial Challenges Program, NASA Headquarters, 300 E Street, SW, Washington, DC 20546–0001. E-mail address: larry.p.cooper@nasa.gov. For general information on the NASA Centennial Challenges Program see: http://www.nasa.gov/challenges.

Sunday, July 15, 2012

Virgin Galactic Unveils Launcher One

Virgin Galactic Launcher One
Virgin Galactic, 11 July 2012
http://www.virgingalactic.com/launcherone

Now, we are leveraging that background to build and operate a new vehicle designed to give satellite operators a radically better option for carrying their small satellites into orbit. By using much of the same infrastructure originally created to support SpaceShipTwo—in particular, our unique, high-performance mothership, the WhiteKnightTwo –we can keep prices low while accommodating customer needs for launch availability and flexibility. It’s a winning combination, and we are thrilled to bring it to market.

Friday, July 13, 2012

Raspberry Pi in space: Putting the Linux PC into orbit

Raspberry Pi in space: Putting the Linux PC into orbit ZDNet, 13 July 2012
http://www.zdnet.com/raspberry-pi-in-space-putting-the-linux-pc-into-orbit-7000000577/

A thriving home-brew community is already putting the credit card-sized PC to use in drones and robots. The device's designer, Eben Upton, wants to see it in rockets and satellites, too.

Tuesday, June 26, 2012

Extraterrestrial Mining Could Reap Riches & Spur Exploration

Extraterrestrial Mining Could Reap Riches & Spur Exploration
Space.com, 25 June 2012
http://www.space.com/16273-extraterrestrial-mining-asteroids-moon.html

Mining the plentiful resources of the moon and near-Earth asteroids could alter the course of human history, adding trillions of dollars to the world economy and spurring our species' spread out into the solar system, a new breed of space enterpreneur says.

Friday, June 22, 2012

NRL Scientists Propose Mitigation Concept of LEO Debris

NRL Scientists Propose Mitigation Concept of LEO Debris
Naval Research Lab, 20 June 2012
http://www.nrl.navy.mil/media/news-releases/2012/nrl-scientists-propose-mitigation-concept-of-leo-debris

Physicist and Engineers at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Plasma Physics Division and Naval Center for Space Technology are researching a technique to 'sweep' Low Earth Orbit (LEO) debris from space using an Active Debris Removal (ADR) system of deployed micron-scale dust.

Thursday, June 14, 2012

Project aims to dock cubesats for modular space structures

Project aims to dock cubesats for modular space structures
The Engineer, 31 May 2012
http://www.theengineer.co.uk/sectors/aerospace/news/project-aims-to-dock-cubesats-for-modular-space-structures/1012793.article

A project at the Surrey Space Centre (SSC) is aiming to dock two cubesats in orbit, with a view to eventually enabling mission upgrades and construction of modular devices.

Wednesday, May 23, 2012

Boeing Unveils Air-Launched Space-Access Concept

Boeing Unveils Air-Launched Space-Access Concept
AviationWeek, 21 May 2012
http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=/article-xml/AW_05_21_2012_p25-458597.xml&p=1

Piece by piece, parts of the puzzle that may conceivably drive down costs to as low as $300,000 per launch, are falling into place, according to hypersonic researchers at Boeing. Building on these pieces, the company has unveiled a small launch vehicle (SLV) concept aimed at the smallsat market, and it could be in service as early as 2020.

Sunday, May 6, 2012

A Day At FAR

A Day At FAR
Flickr, 5 May 2012
http://www.flickr.com/photos/neutronium/sets/72157629979117049/

I went out to FAR on 5 May 2012 and took a bunch of pictures of the goings-on.

Friends of Amateur Rocketry, FAR, is a place to test and launch high power, amateur and experimental rockets.

Thursday, April 26, 2012

How Safe Does a Rocket Have to Be?

How Safe Does a Rocket Have to Be?

IPinSpace, 25 April 2012

http://ipinspace.com/2012/04/25/how-safe-does-a-rocket-have-to-be/


In order to regulate and monitor the space transportation industry and share the burden of this potential liability, commercial space launch companies must apply for and obtain launch licenses from the FAA. The FAA cannot permit a launch unless the total expected average number of casualties (Ec) for the launch and subsequent mission is less than .00003. In other words, the FAA cannot issue a launch permit through the traditional launch licensing process if there is a better than 30 in a million chance that people will be harmed by a commercial launch. The FAA has outlined the general methods for making Ec calculations, but sometimes launch vehicle operators and the FAA arrive at different Ec values.

Friday, April 20, 2012

A Quixotic Quest to Mine Asteroids

A Quixotic Quest to Mine Asteroids
Wall Street Journal, 20 April 2012
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303513404577356190967904210.html

A new company backed by two Google Inc. billionaires, film director James Cameron and other space exploration proponents is aiming high in the hunt for natural resources—with mining asteroids the possible target.

Thursday, April 19, 2012

Draft Nano-Satellite Launch Challenge Rules Available

Draft Nano-Satellite Launch Challenge Rules
SpaceFlorida, 19 April 2012
PDF: http://www.spaceflorida.gov/docs/misc/draft-nanosat_launcher_challenge_rules.pdf
Main Page: http://www.spaceflorida.gov/nano-sat-launch-challenge

The Nano-Satellite Launch Challenge will result in a maximum total amount of NASA awards of $3,000,000 (three million U.S. dollars) paid directly by NASA to the eligible winner(s) of the Challenge. SFSSRC may attract additional prize funding from other sources, subject to NASA’s prior concurrence. SFSSRC is receiving no funding from NASA to perform its management responsibilities of this Challenge.

A Greener Alternative to Hydrazine

A Greener Alternative to Hydrazine
SpaceRef, 19 April 2012
http://spaceref.com/event/28th-national-space-symposium/a-greener-alternative-to-hydrazine.html

Hydrazine, a mainstay fuel of the space program since the early days, now has a competitor that is easier to store and - when taking all costs into account - is the same price.

A subsidiary of the Swedish Space Corp., called ECAPS, has been developing a High Performance Green Propulsion (HPGP) fuel that is based on ammonium dinitrimide.

Friday, April 13, 2012

Mars Viking Robots 'Found Life'

Mars Viking Robots 'Found Life'
Discover, 12 April 2012
http://news.discovery.com/space/mars-life-viking-landers-discovery-120412.html#mkcpgn=rssnws1

New analysis of 36-year-old data, resuscitated from printouts, shows NASA found life on Mars, an international team of mathematicians and scientists conclude in a paper published this week.

Further, NASA doesn't need a human expedition to Mars to nail down the claim, neuropharmacologist and biologist Joseph Miller, with the University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, told Discovery News.

"The ultimate proof is to take a video of a Martian bacteria. They should send a microscope -- watch the bacteria move," Miller said.

"On the basis of what we've done so far, I'd say I'm 99 percent sure there's life there," he added.

Thursday, April 5, 2012

Loophole Could Allow Private Land Claims on Other Worlds

Loophole Could Allow Private Land Claims on Other Worlds
Wired, 5 April 2012
http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2012/04/moon-mars-property/

But Simberg argues that the treaty doesn’t explicitly prevent private companies from claiming territory. Though, if the U.S. government accepted such a claim, that could be taken as a declaration of sovereignty, which might violate the Outer Space Treaty, said space law attorney Michael Listner.

Sunday, April 1, 2012

Why Are LAUNCH COSTS So High?

Why Are LAUNCH COSTS So High?
Peter A. Taylor, 2004
http://home.earthlink.net/~peter.a.taylor/launch.htm

Why do space launches cost so much? Specifically, why are the costs so far out of line with the cost of seemingly comparable airplane operations? Fuel is about 15% of the operations and maintenance (O&M) cost of a typical military airplane, and 38% for commercial aircraft, according to Aircraft Design: A Conceptual Approach, 1992, by Daniel P. Raymer. Space launches should be more energy intensive than airplane flights, so one would expect that propellants would be a larger fraction of the total operations cost for a launch industry that was as mature as the airline industry. Why are the non-fuel costs orders of magnitude higher for rockets?

Friday, March 30, 2012

Micromachined Propulsion systems for very small satellites

Micromachined Propulsion systems for very small satellites
EPFL, 30 March 2012
http://lmts.epfl.ch/MEMS-ion-source

VIDEO

Our focus is on miniaturized electric propulsion to enable small spacecraft (1–100 kg) to be able to perform missions currently only possible for much larger and hence much more expensive spacecraft. Our goal is to provide efficient propulsion systems for nanosatellites, which are currently stuck in whatever orbit they were initially placed: we plan to free them to allow nanosatellites to perform orbital maneuvering, and missions to the Moon, to Near Earth Objects, or even to Mars.

Wednesday, March 28, 2012

Online: The Tricorder Project

The Tricorder Project
The Tricorder Project, 28 March 2012
http://www.tricorderproject.org/tricorder-mark2.html

To introduce you to the Tricorder project, I'd like to begin with a story from the development of the very first Tricorder that I built. The first educational discoveries with the Tricorder came only moments after completing it, and walking about the workshop to "see what can't be seen". Upon holding the Tricorder near a power adapter plugged into the wall, you could see the oscillating magnetic fields on the magnetometer visualization. There they were, slowly bouncing back and forth, right in front of you. My father had taught me how transformers work from a young age — two coils are wound together, each having a different number of windings, where an oscillating magnetic field from one coil would induce a voltage in the other coil proportional to the ratio of their number of windings. I know how transformers work — I have known since he explained it to me, I know the equation that determines the output given the input and a certain number of windings — but I had never seen it work until then, until I had this Tricorder in my hands. It grounded my knowledge of the electromagnetic phenomena at work in transformers with something that I could easily watch and see, and use to see inside /any/ transformer, right in front of me. And from that moment on, it seemed like much of the mystery of how they worked I now understood — I could think about what was going on inside them easier and more naturally, now that I had visually grounded the science going on inside. This is why I built the Tricorder.

Sunday, March 11, 2012

Online: San Diego Air & Space Museum Archives' photostream

San Diego Air & Space Museum Archives' photostream
Flickr, 12 March 2012
http://www.flickr.com/photos/sdasmarchives/sets/72157627981313215/


These set contains all things Space related! NASA missions, planets, space suits, you name it!

Thursday, March 8, 2012

Online: Evadot and Kentucky Space think YOU can hack space

Evadot and Kentucky Space think YOU can hack space
EVADOT, 7 March 2012
http://evadot.com/2012/03/07/evadot-and-kentucky-space-think-you-can-hack-space/

In just a little while, when the Umpa Lumpas finish manufacturing the first batch, we’re going to start offering CubeSat prototype kits for a fraction of what it costs today.

Tuesday, February 28, 2012

Online: Evolution of the Spacesuit

Evolution of the Spacesuit
EchoMon, 28 February 2012
http://echomon.co.uk/evolution-of-the-spacesuit/

Check out these images of space suit development over the years....

Thursday, February 23, 2012

Charged Up: Electric Rockets Are Set to Transform Space Flight

Charged Up: Electric Rockets Are Set to Transform Space Flight
Technologist, 23 February 2012
http://www.txchnologist.com/2012/charged-up-electric-rockets-are-set-to-transform-space-flight

As a result rocket scientists are increasingly turning to electric rockets, which accelerate propellants out the back end using solar-powered electromagnetic fields rather than chemical reactions. The electric rockets use so much less propellant that the entire spacecraft can be much more compact, which enables them to scale down the original launch boosters.

Wednesday, February 22, 2012

Online: Autonomous Truss Robot Video

Autonomous Robotic Truss Reconfiguration and Manipulation
YouTube, 22 February 2012
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=ynr7VGiusQQ#!

This video presents a robot capable of autonomously traversing and manipulating a 3D truss structure. The robot is able to approach and traverse multiple structural joints using a combination of translational and rotational motions. A key factor in allowing reliable motion and engagements is the use of specially designed structural building blocks comprised of bidirectional geared rods. A set of traversal plans, each comprised of basic motion primitives, were analyzed for speed, robustness, and repeatability. Paths covering eight joints are demonstrated, as well as automatic element assembly and disassembly. We suggest that the robot architecture and truss module design, such as the one presented here, could open the door to robotically assembled, maintained, and reconfigured structures that would ordinarily be difficult, risky, or time consuming for humans to construct.

Monday, February 6, 2012

Wallops Evolving Into Smallsat Launch

Wallops Evolving Into Smallsat Launch
Aviation Week, 26 January 2012
http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/generic/story_channel.jsp?channel=space&id=news/asd/2012/01/25/11.xml&headline=Wallops%20Evolving%20Into%20Smallsat%20Launch%20Center

NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility, long a center for sounding rocket science campaigns, is becoming a site for small satellite launches as well, according to NASA’s new chief technologist.

Sunday, January 29, 2012

Online: Armadillo Aerospace flies again from Spaceport America, but not without problems

Armadillo Aerospace flies again from Spaceport America, but not without problems
New Space Journal, 29 January 2012
http://www.newspacejournal.com/2012/01/29/armadillo-aerospace-flies-again-from-spaceport-america-but-not-without-problems/

On Saturday they were back at the Spaceport for another flight of the rocket. According to a press release issued by the New Mexico Spaceport Authority (NMSA) late Saturday, that flight was at least partially successful. The rocket lifted off as planned and again flew to nearly 42 kilometers, based on preliminary data.

Thursday, January 26, 2012

Online: New Blue Marble

Blue Marble
NASA, 26 January 2012
http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_2159.html




A 'Blue Marble' image of the Earth taken from the VIIRS instrument aboard NASA's most recently launched Earth-observing satellite - Suomi NPP. This composite image uses a number of swaths of the Earth's surface taken on January 4, 2012. The NPP satellite was renamed 'Suomi NPP' on January 24, 2012 to honor the late Verner E. Suomi of the University of Wisconsin.

Suomi NPP is NASA's next Earth-observing research satellite. It is the first of a new generation of satellites that will observe many facets of our changing Earth.

Suomi NPP is carrying five instruments on board. The biggest and most important instrument is The Visible/Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite or VIIRS.

Online: 8-Meter-Wide Asteroid Will Pass Close to Earth January 27

NEO's are potential targets for small missions...

8-Meter-Wide Asteroid Will Pass Close to Earth January 27
Universe Today, 26 January 2012
http://www.universetoday.com/93000/8-meter-wide-asteroid-will-pass-close-to-earth-on-january-27/

A small asteroid will pass extremely close to Earth tomorrow (January 27, 2012). Named 2012 BX34, this 11 meter- (36 feet-) wide 8 meter- (26-foot-) space rock (astronomers have updated their estimates of the size) will skim Earth less than 60,000 km (37,000 miles, .0004 AU)>, at around 15:30 UTC, (10:30 am EST) according to the Minor Planet Center. The latest estimates have this small bus-sized asteroid it traveling at about about 8,900 meters/second (about 20,000 miles per hour). 2012 BX34 has been observed by the Catalina Sky Survey and the Mt. Lemmon Survey in Arizona, and the Magdalena Ridge Observatory in New Mexico, so its orbit is well defined and there is no risk of impact to Earth.

Monday, January 23, 2012

Online: Planetary Landing Demo Capability on Earth with Draper’s GENIE

NASA Moves Closer to Planetary Landing Demo Capability on Earth with Draper’s GENIE
PR Web, 23 January 2012
http://www.prweb.com/releases/2012/1/prweb9125392.htm

Using the GENIE (Guidance Embedded Navigator Integration Environment) System, Draper recently fully controlled the Xombie suborbital rocket built by Masten Space Systems during a closed loop tethered flight at the Mojave Air and Space Port in California. This successful first step brings the NASA Dryden Flight Opportunities Program closer to a new testbed capability that could be used to validate future planetary technology payloads.

Online: A satellite defense system based on quantum dot technology

This shows how small satellites are becoming more important to military applications.

A satellite defense system based on quantum dot technology
Nanowerk.com, 23 January 2012
http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=24041.php

[The] Raytheon Company has developed a counter measure system using quantum dots to protect space assets such as satellites from missile attacks. They have developed a decoy consisting of quantum dots of different sizes and shapes that are engineered to emit radiation having a radiation profile similar to that of the asset.

Sunday, January 22, 2012

Online: Development of a Prototype Rocket Engine for a Nanosat Launch Vehicle First Stage

Development of a Prototype Rocket Engine for a Nanosat Launch Vehicle First Stage
DTIC, 22 January 2012
http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA484386

Abstract : The paper discusses the development of a 4,500 lbf thrust liquid oxygen (LOX)/ethanol rocket engine designed to power a family of suborbital Reusable Nanosat Launch Vehicles (RNLV). In order to meet the range of missions required under the project, the engine is designed to be able to operate over a large performance envelope corresponding to thrust level from 3,000 lbf to 5,000 lbf. Propellants are Introduced and mixed in the combustion chamber utilizing a combination of triplet and unlike doublet injector elements. In addition, film cooling is provided in order to extend the life of the ablative chamber. Ignition is accomplished with solid propellant ports mounted on the side of the chamber. Ten (10) static fire tests have been completed to validate the design and to characterize the engine's performance. Initial testing was conducted to validate the ignition algorithm and verify the engine basic integrity at startup. Further testing was conducted to verify engine performance before flight testing. Data shows that the engine can operate at thrust levels between 2500 and 5074 lbf. This successful engine development serves as a precursor to a future NLV first stage engine which will utilize LOX-propylene for added performance.

Tuesday, January 17, 2012

Online: Nanosat Launch Vehicle

Initial Results from the Demonstration and Analysis of Reusable Nanosat Launch Vehicle Operations
DTIC, 17 January 2012
http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA469944

Abstract : Flight testing of prototype reusable launch vehicles (RLVs) has declined significantly since a period in the mid-1990s that was marked by ambitious projects but uneven results. Consequently, a new program has been established with the objective of investigating RLV-type fast turn-around flight operations. Major distinctions from these earlier efforts include the use of a smaller class of vehicles and payloads, along with an initial emphasis on operations as opposed to advanced technologies. This focus on a hybrid-type (reusable first stage and expendable second stage) "nanosat launch vehicle" (NLV) that ultimately could deliver 10 kg to low Earth orbit has already produced tangible results. These include initial operational capability of a new prototype vehicle just six months after project start, two flights of this vehicle within 3.5 hours, a total of four flights within an eleven month period, pathfinding operations from a new launch site and the manifesting of numerous technology and academic experiments. Lessons learned from this first round of demonstration and analysis are now guiding the development of several next-generation prototype reusable NLVs that will enter flight testing later this year.

Thursday, January 12, 2012

Online: A systems study of very small launch vehicles

A systems study of very small launch vehicles
MIT DSpace, 12 January 2012
http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/9383

"Motivated by the continuing miniaturization of small satellites and ballistic payloads, this thesis studies the performance and feasilibity of very small launch vehicles (15kg - 2000kg liftoff mass)...Following the performance study, a 77kg vehicle (w/o gross payload) was carried through a preliminary design.

Monday, January 9, 2012

Online: Cubesats and low cost launchers open space to many more users

Cubesats and low cost launchers open space to many more users
New Electronics, 10 January 2012
http://www.newelectronics.co.uk/electronics-technology/cubesats-and-low-cost-launchers-open-space-to-many-more-users/39400/

Speaking at the 2011 Summer CubeSat Workshop earlier in the year, Clyde Space CEO Craig Clark said the rationale behind UKube-1 is to demonstrate the UK's space capability, as well as to encourage students at schools and universities to take part in experiments aboard the probe. The five payloads represent a mix of commercial and academic projects.

Sunday, January 8, 2012

Online: Nasa Rocket Equation Training

Beginner's Guide to Rockets
NASA, 8 January 2012
http://exploration.grc.nasa.gov/education/rocket/shortr.html

The Beginner's Guide to Rockets will help you learn the basic math and physics that govern the design and flight of rockets. We'll look at many different kinds of rockets, from stomp rockets, which are a special kind of artillery shell, to bottle rockets, to model rockets, to full scale boosters. We'll look at the similarities and the differences in these rockets and include some instructions for making and flying your own rockets.

Here's the first page of the site:
http://exploration.grc.nasa.gov/education/rocket/bgmr.html

Here's the Index:
http://exploration.grc.nasa.gov/education/rocket/shortr.html

Thursday, January 5, 2012

Online: Project Bellerophon

Project Bellerophon
Purdue, 5 January 2012
https://engineering.purdue.edu/AAE/Academics/Courses/aae450/2008/spring

This site has a tremendous amount of detail on a university senior project to develop a small launch vehicle. The stated goal was to "...find the most economical method to launch very small payloads (200 grams to 5 kilograms) into low-Earth orbit." This tremendous resource looks at various aspects of launch vehicle design in very detailed ways.

One can find the final reports as PDFs, the various programs used to perform the analyses and instructions on using the software.

Tuesday, January 3, 2012

Online: Upper Stage Rocket Motor Reports

Kai L. Gemba's Upper Stage Rocket Motor Reports
Gemba.org, 3 January 2012
http://kai.gemba.org/index.php?page=2

As a student at California State University Long Beach, Kai Gemba was part of a team designing a liquid propellant upper stage motor for the NLV, a joint project between Garvey Spacecraft and CSULB. Several of the development reports are available at his site.

Monday, January 2, 2012

News: Space 2012: What's Blasting Off This Year

Space 2012: What’s Blasting Off This Year
Popular Mechanics, 2 January 2012
http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/space/news/space-2012-whats-blasting-off-this-year?src=rss

"After a promising end to 2010, private spaceflight hit a rough patch in 2011. What's on deck for 2012? SpaceX travels to the ISS, and maybe—finally—the private space race hits full stride."